问题详情
共用题干
The Impact of Antarctic Ozone Hole
The Antarctic ozone（臭氧）hole is changing weather patterns across the Southern Hemisphere （半球）,even affecting the tropics,scientists have concluded. The scientists______(51)the new study added the ozone hole into standard climate models to_______(52)how it might have affected winds and rains. They say rainfall has moved further south towards the pole and the effect has been_______(53)strong over Australia.
And of_______(54)interest was the southward of the Southern Hemisphere jet stream. These high一altitude winds are_______(55)to determining weather patterns,in both hemispheres. Much of the cold weather felt in the UK_______(56)the last couple of winters,for example,was caused by blocking of the Northern Hemisphere stream.
The team found that overall,the ozone hole has_______(57)in rainfall moving south along with the winds._______(58)there are regional differences,particularly concerning Australia. In terms of the average for that zone,the ozone hole_______(59)about a 10% change一but for Australia,it's about 35%.
Their modeling indicated that global warming_______(60)greenhouse gas emissions is also a factor in changing rainfall patterns.
Natural climate cycles are also thought to be important here,as different rainfall patterns were _______(61)in the era before ozone depletion（消耗）and late 20th Century warming.
Although the_______(62)international organization has significantly checked emissions of harmful substances,they_______(63)for decades in the atmosphere,and so their effects are still being felt.Earlier,and international organization forecast that even the Antarctic ozone hole一which is more severe than its_______(64)in the Northern Hemisphere一should be_______(65)by 2045—2060.
_________(58)
A:So
B:But
C:Since
D:And
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B解析：本题考查对上下文的理解。本空所在句中，科学家和研究应该是动宾关系，但这里又不需要一个句子的结构，而需要名词结构作本句的主语，指“从事参与研究的科学家”。因此需要一个介词，既能表达参与的意思，又能确保这个短语为名词短语。只有behind符合，behind在此处意思是“在……背后，为……负责”。因此本题的正确选项应该是B。
本题考查对上下文的理解和对动词的辫析。这句话的意思是：参与此项新研究的科学家们把臭氧层加入标准化气候模型，以研究其如何影响风和雨的格局。本空前是to，后是how，根据上下文可以推断，这里是用不定式表达科学家所做的事情的目的，所以正确答案是选项C investigate调查。其他选项的意思分别是：选项A inspect监视；选项B scan扫描；选项D supervise监管。
本题考查对上下文的理解和对副词的辨析。这句话的意思是：科学家称降雨已向南极进一步移动，对澳大利亚的影响尤为强烈。这篇文章主要是关于南极臭氧层空洞的影响，作者提到具体影响的地点就应该是强调其影响之大，所以正确答案是选项A remarkably非常地。其他选项的意思分别是：选项B preferably更可取地、更好地；选项C indispensably不可缺少地、绝对必要地；选项D plausibly似真地。
本题考查对上下文的理解和介词短语固定搭配。这句话的意思是：科学家们尤为感兴趣的是南半球急流的南移。选A的依据是第一段最后一句：科学家称降雨已向南极进一步移动，所以第二段第一句所讲的interest应该是指科学家的兴趣，而此句后文证明本段讲的是科学家研究的更具体的内容，即南极臭氧空洞对于南半球急流的影响。空前是介词of，空后是名词interest, of particular interest的意思是尤其使人感兴趣的，符合上下文的需要，选项A particular特别的，是正确答案。其他选项的意思分别是：选项B special特别的，但不适用于of…interest这一短语；选项C especial特别的，但也不能和of以及interest组成固定搭配；选项D specific具体的。
本题考查对上下文的理解和形容词短语。这句话的意思是：这些高空风是决定南北半球气候模式的关键。选B的依据是本空的前面提到了风，后面提到了气候模式，常识告诉我们风影响甚至决定气候模式；又由于本空前是系动词are，本空后to后面跟的是动名词determining，而只有选项B key关键，能和前后词构成符合上下文需要的短语be key to是……的关键。所以选项B是正确答案。其他选项与to搭配后的意思分别是：选项A be beneficial to对……有益；选项C be necessary to对……而言必要；选项D be vital to对……至关重要。而这三个形容词后面的to都是不定式标志，其后要跟动词原形。
本题考查对上下文的理解和介词辫析。空后提到：the last couple of winters过去的几个冬天，是表示时间的名词短语。四个选项中，只有选项C能表示在……期间，所以选项C是正确答案。其他选项的意思分别是：选项A around大约（在）；选项B along沿着；选项D across横跨。这三个选项不和时间连用，或者不强调时间跨度，不符合上下文需要。
本题考查对上下文的理解和动词辫析。这句话的意思是：这个研究团队发现，臭氧层空洞总体上导致了降雨随风向南移动。文章主题是臭氧层空洞会改变气候，而 rainfall属于气候范畴，由此可判断此处具体讲臭氧层空洞对降雨的影响。result in导致，符合上下文要求，所以选项A resulted是正确答案。其他选项与in搭配的动词原形意思分别是：选项B draw in到达、变短；选项C bring in产生；选项D drop in顺便拜访。
本题考查对上下文的理解和语义逻辑。这句话的意思是：但是存在着地区差异，尤其在澳大利亚上空。上一句讲整体上的（overall）情况而本句说到“有地区差异 ( regional differences)"，两句为转折关系，选项B But的意思是但是，所以选项B是正确答案。
本题考查对上下文的理解和动词辫析。该句是上一句的例证，上一句说臭氧层空洞对降雨的影响有地区差异，所以此处是要表示“影响”的词，符合的只有选项A drive change推动变化，且文章主题（臭氧层空洞会改变气候模式）也是提示。所以选项A是正确答案。选项B attract吸引；选项C motivate激发、诱发；选项D include包括。
本题考查对上下文的理解和介词短语辫析。这句话的意思是：他们的模型表明，由温室气体排放所导致的全球变暖也是改变降雨格局的一个因素。greenhouse gas emissions"温室气体排放”是导致global warming“全球变暖”的原因，选项A due to的意思是由于，所以A是正确答案。其他选项的意思是：选项B along with和……一道；选项C as for至于；选项D instead of而不是。
本题考查对上下文的理解。这句话的意思是：自然气候周期也是一个很重要的因素，因为在臭氧消耗和20世纪末期全球变暖之前就发现有不同的降雨格局。选B的依据是：此处是被动句，表示“不同的降雨格局在……之前已经被‘留意到、观察到”,，因此选项B noted符合文意。此处为过去的客观事实，因此选项A predicted“预言、预测”不符合；选项 C occured“发生、出现、存在”语义符合，但它一般直接用主动语态；选项D descend“下降、下来”不符合题意。所以选项B是正确答案。
本题考查对上下文的理解和形容词辫析。这句话的意思是：虽然相关国际组织已经明显控制了有害气体的排放量，但这些有害气体还会在大气中留存几十年，因此它们的影响仍然存在。此处需修饰international organization的词，只有选项D corresponding相应的，符合题意，表示“相应的国际组织”。所以选项D是正确答案。其他选项的意思是：选项A popular流行的；选项B controversial有争议的；选项C distinctive独特的。
本题考查对上下文的理解和动词辫析。选D的依据是：本空后的so表明该句是下句的原因，下句说有害气体的影响还存在，由此可推断这些物质几十年来还留存在大气中，所以选项D endure是正确答案。其他选项的意思分别是：选项A flash闪烁；选项B fluctuate波动；选项C suffer遭受、遭殃。
本题考查对上下文的理解和名词辫析。本句的意思是：早前，一个国际机构预测：比北极臭氧层空洞更严重的南极臭氧层空洞将在2045年到2060年得到修复。more than说明是比较，此处把Antarctic ozone hole与在Northern Hemisphere的同类事物作比较，南北极的臭氧空洞属于对等物，所以选项C equivalent对等物、相等物是正确答案。其他选项的意思分别是：选项A illusion幻觉、错觉；选项B image形象；选项D extension延长部分。
本题考查对上下文的理解和动词辫析。选择D的依据是：此空所填动词的宾语是the Antarctic ozone hole“南极臭氧层空洞”，可以接此宾语的只有选项D repaired修复。选项A repeated重复；选项B reproduced繁殖、复制；选项C replaced代替。
B解析：本题考查对上下文的理解。本空所在句中，科学家和研究应该是动宾关系，但这里又不需要一个句子的结构，而需要名词结构作本句的主语，指“从事参与研究的科学家”。因此需要一个介词，既能表达参与的意思，又能确保这个短语为名词短语。只有behind符合，behind在此处意思是“在……背后，为……负责”。因此本题的正确选项应该是B。
本题考查对上下文的理解和对动词的辫析。这句话的意思是：参与此项新研究的科学家们把臭氧层加入标准化气候模型，以研究其如何影响风和雨的格局。本空前是to，后是how，根据上下文可以推断，这里是用不定式表达科学家所做的事情的目的，所以正确答案是选项C investigate调查。其他选项的意思分别是：选项A inspect监视；选项B scan扫描；选项D supervise监管。
本题考查对上下文的理解和对副词的辨析。这句话的意思是：科学家称降雨已向南极进一步移动，对澳大利亚的影响尤为强烈。这篇文章主要是关于南极臭氧层空洞的影响，作者提到具体影响的地点就应该是强调其影响之大，所以正确答案是选项A remarkably非常地。其他选项的意思分别是：选项B preferably更可取地、更好地；选项C indispensably不可缺少地、绝对必要地；选项D plausibly似真地。
本题考查对上下文的理解和介词短语固定搭配。这句话的意思是：科学家们尤为感兴趣的是南半球急流的南移。选A的依据是第一段最后一句：科学家称降雨已向南极进一步移动，所以第二段第一句所讲的interest应该是指科学家的兴趣，而此句后文证明本段讲的是科学家研究的更具体的内容，即南极臭氧空洞对于南半球急流的影响。空前是介词of，空后是名词interest, of particular interest的意思是尤其使人感兴趣的，符合上下文的需要，选项A particular特别的，是正确答案。其他选项的意思分别是：选项B special特别的，但不适用于of…interest这一短语；选项C especial特别的，但也不能和of以及interest组成固定搭配；选项D specific具体的。
本题考查对上下文的理解和形容词短语。这句话的意思是：这些高空风是决定南北半球气候模式的关键。选B的依据是本空的前面提到了风，后面提到了气候模式，常识告诉我们风影响甚至决定气候模式；又由于本空前是系动词are，本空后to后面跟的是动名词determining，而只有选项B key关键，能和前后词构成符合上下文需要的短语be key to是……的关键。所以选项B是正确答案。其他选项与to搭配后的意思分别是：选项A be beneficial to对……有益；选项C be necessary to对……而言必要；选项D be vital to对……至关重要。而这三个形容词后面的to都是不定式标志，其后要跟动词原形。
本题考查对上下文的理解和介词辫析。空后提到：the last couple of winters过去的几个冬天，是表示时间的名词短语。四个选项中，只有选项C能表示在……期间，所以选项C是正确答案。其他选项的意思分别是：选项A around大约（在）；选项B along沿着；选项D across横跨。这三个选项不和时间连用，或者不强调时间跨度，不符合上下文需要。
本题考查对上下文的理解和动词辫析。这句话的意思是：这个研究团队发现，臭氧层空洞总体上导致了降雨随风向南移动。文章主题是臭氧层空洞会改变气候，而 rainfall属于气候范畴，由此可判断此处具体讲臭氧层空洞对降雨的影响。result in导致，符合上下文要求，所以选项A resulted是正确答案。其他选项与in搭配的动词原形意思分别是：选项B draw in到达、变短；选项C bring in产生；选项D drop in顺便拜访。
本题考查对上下文的理解和语义逻辑。这句话的意思是：但是存在着地区差异，尤其在澳大利亚上空。上一句讲整体上的（overall）情况而本句说到“有地区差异 ( regional differences)"，两句为转折关系，选项B But的意思是但是，所以选项B是正确答案。
本题考查对上下文的理解和动词辫析。该句是上一句的例证，上一句说臭氧层空洞对降雨的影响有地区差异，所以此处是要表示“影响”的词，符合的只有选项A drive change推动变化，且文章主题（臭氧层空洞会改变气候模式）也是提示。所以选项A是正确答案。选项B attract吸引；选项C motivate激发、诱发；选项D include包括。
本题考查对上下文的理解和介词短语辫析。这句话的意思是：他们的模型表明，由温室气体排放所导致的全球变暖也是改变降雨格局的一个因素。greenhouse gas emissions"温室气体排放”是导致global warming“全球变暖”的原因，选项A due to的意思是由于，所以A是正确答案。其他选项的意思是：选项B along with和……一道；选项C as for至于；选项D instead of而不是。
本题考查对上下文的理解。这句话的意思是：自然气候周期也是一个很重要的因素，因为在臭氧消耗和20世纪末期全球变暖之前就发现有不同的降雨格局。选B的依据是：此处是被动句，表示“不同的降雨格局在……之前已经被‘留意到、观察到”,，因此选项B noted符合文意。此处为过去的客观事实，因此选项A predicted“预言、预测”不符合；选项 C occured“发生、出现、存在”语义符合，但它一般直接用主动语态；选项D descend“下降、下来”不符合题意。所以选项B是正确答案。
本题考查对上下文的理解和形容词辫析。这句话的意思是：虽然相关国际组织已经明显控制了有害气体的排放量，但这些有害气体还会在大气中留存几十年，因此它们的影响仍然存在。此处需修饰international organization的词，只有选项D corresponding相应的，符合题意，表示“相应的国际组织”。所以选项D是正确答案。其他选项的意思是：选项A popular流行的；选项B controversial有争议的；选项C distinctive独特的。
本题考查对上下文的理解和动词辫析。选D的依据是：本空后的so表明该句是下句的原因，下句说有害气体的影响还存在，由此可推断这些物质几十年来还留存在大气中，所以选项D endure是正确答案。其他选项的意思分别是：选项A flash闪烁；选项B fluctuate波动；选项C suffer遭受、遭殃。
本题考查对上下文的理解和名词辫析。本句的意思是：早前，一个国际机构预测：比北极臭氧层空洞更严重的南极臭氧层空洞将在2045年到2060年得到修复。more than说明是比较，此处把Antarctic ozone hole与在Northern Hemisphere的同类事物作比较，南北极的臭氧空洞属于对等物，所以选项C equivalent对等物、相等物是正确答案。其他选项的意思分别是：选项A illusion幻觉、错觉；选项B image形象；选项D extension延长部分。
本题考查对上下文的理解和动词辫析。选择D的依据是：此空所填动词的宾语是the Antarctic ozone hole“南极臭氧层空洞”，可以接此宾语的只有选项D repaired修复。选项A repeated重复；选项B reproduced繁殖、复制；选项C replaced代替。
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共用题干
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共用题干
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