"It" in line 14 refers to______.
A．the scientific credential
B．the experimental conclusion
C．the expert knowledge
D．the sense of well-being
相关问题推荐
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What consideration is borne in mind when giving young animals protein？
A．The more, the better.
B．The less, the worse.
C．The minimum input, the maximum output.
D．The maximum input, the minimum output. -
A.Work with his team leader.
B.Go to the party with the woman.
C.Stay with his aunt in his home.
D.Perform. music in a band. -
Nutritional statements that depend on observation or anecdote should be given serious consideration, but consideration should also be given to the physical and psychological quirks of the observer. The significance attached to an experimental conclusion depends, in part, on the scientific credentials of the experimentalist; similarly, the significance of selected observations depends, again in part, on the preconceptions of the observer.
Regimes that are proposed by people who do not look as if they enjoyed their food, and who do not themselves have a well-fed air, may not be ideal for normal people. Graham Lusk, who combined expert knowledge with a normal appreciation of good food, describes how he and Chittenden, who advocated a low-protein diet, spent some weeks in Britain eating the rations of the 1914-1918 war and then got more ample rations on board ship. Lusk attributed his sense of well-being to the extra meat he was eating; Chittenden attributed it to the sea air.
When young animals are reared for sale as meat, the desirable amount of protein in their food is a simple matter of economics. Protein is expensive, so the amount given is increased up to the level at which the increased rate of growth is offset by the increased cost of the diet. As already mentioned, the efficiency with which protein is used to build the body diminishes as the percentage of protein in the diet increases. In practice, the best diets seem to contain between 15 and 25 per cent protein. It is not certain that maximum growth rate is desirable in children; some experiments with rats suggest that rapid growth is associated with a shorter ultimate expectation of life.
There are practical and ethical obstacles to human experiments in which the effect of protein can be measured. Children do not grow as fast as the young animals in which there is a commercial interest. Their need for protein is therefore presumably smaller, but there is no evidence that the desirable protein level, after weaning, is less than 15 per cent. An argument against this percentage of protein is that in human milk only 13 per cent of the solid material is protein. That protein is, however, of better quality than any protein likely to be given to infants that are not weaned on cow's milk.
Furthermore, milk, like other products of evolution, is a compromise. Mothers are not expendable. A species would not long survive if mothers depleted their own proteins so much in the course of feeding the first child that the prospects of later children were seriously jeopardized. Human milk is no doubt a good food, but the assumption that it is necessarily ideal is stretching belief in the beneficence and perfection of Nature too far.
When considering nutritional statements, apart from statements that depend on observation, we should also consider______.
A．the strange low-protein diet
B．the unusual character of the observer
C．the unexpected meals provided by the observer
D．the ample rations of the 1914 - 1918 war -
According to the article, which of the following statements about badges is true？
A．The Forum employees wear green badges.
B．The participants wear colored badges.
C．The journalists wear white badges.
D．The executives wear orange badges. -
"You're off to the World Economic Forum？" asked the Oxford economist, enviously. "How very impressive. They've never invited me."
Three days later, I queued in the snow outside the conference center in Davos, standing behind mink coals and cashmere overcoats, watched over by Swiss policemen with machineguns. "Reporting press？ You can't come in here. Side entrance, please." I stood in line again, this time behind Puffa jackets and Newsweek journalists, waiting to collect my orange badge. Once inside. I found that the seminar I wanted to go to was being held in a half-empty room. "You can't sit here. All seats are reserved for white badges. Coloured badges have to stand."
An acquaintance invited me to a dinner he was hosting: "There are people I'd like you to meet." The green-badged Forum employee stopped me at the door. "This is a participants' dinner. Orange badges are not allowed." Then, later, reluctantly: "If you're coming in. please can you turn your badge around？ Dinners may be upset if they see you're a colour."
"Why does anyone put up with being treated like this？" I asked a Financial Times correspondent. "Because we all live in hope of becoming white badges," he said. "Then we'll know what's really going on."
A leading British businessman was wearing a white badge, but it bore a small logo on the top left-hand corner: GLT. "What's a GLT？" I asked.
Ah, he said. "well, it's a Davos club. I'm a Global Leader for Tomorrow."
"That sounds very important," I said. "Yes." He said, "I thought so myself until I bumped into the man who had sponsored me. On the way to my first meeting. I asked him if he was coming, and he said, "Oh no, dear boy, I don't bother with that any longer. I'm not a GLT any more I'm an IGWEL." "What's an IGWEL？" I asked him. "A member of Informal Group of World Economic Leaders of Today."
The World Economic Forum has employed a simple psychological truth — that nothing is more desirable than that which excludes us — to brilliant effect. Year after year, its participants apply to return, in the hope that this time they'll be a little closer to the real elite. Next year, they, too, might be invited to the private receptions for Bill Clinton, Kofi Annan or Bill Gates instead of having to stand on the conference center's steps like teenage rock fans.
It's the sheer concentration of individuals in possession of power, wealth or knowledge that makes the privately run Forum so desirable to its participants. The thousand chief executives who attend its annual meeting control, between them, more than 70 percent of international trade. Every year, they are joined by a couple of dozen presidents and prime ministers, by senior journalists, a changing selection of leading thinkers, academics and diplomats, and by rising stars of the business world. Access to the meeting is by invitation only, costs several thousand pounds a time for business participants, and is ruthlessly controlled.
"Mink" in line 4 refers to______.
A．colored badges
B．impressive artificial hide
C．expensive thick fur
D．jackets designed for GLT